Static timing is set by the timing belt, there is some room for adjustment but it is not self-adjusting.
Ignition timing is not adjustable except through a chip or the learned memory. The learned memory is dumped during an extended power loss.
Pinging is usually due to a lack of EGR, running too hot, or a lean mixture on acceleration. Sometimes crossfiring plug wires cause an inconsistent knock. A harder knock is usually mechanical.
