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Nice post and excellent outlay of FACTS, which sometimes are glaringly absent in some of the discussions here...



JaTo e-Tough Guy Missouri City, TX 99 Contour SVT #143/2760 00 Corvette Coupe
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Thanks for noticing Jato, I try. Seriously though, so many people are unaware of the reasons behind the current situations. That is why I am doing History first and foremost and PollySci second. Political Science is useless unless you understand the times affecting the motives. Have a good one.

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Originally posted by 99blacksvt:
The Judicial system was set in place to "check" the constitutionality of laws created by the Legislative branch. Funny...how can you deem something unConstitutional if it isn't in the Constitution? Hmmmm, sounds like the Legislative branch is the only one capable of judging the Pledge, our Motto, and other "God references" as they are the only ones who can add to and subtract from the Constitution.




Wow, is there anyone here is has less understanding of the separation of powers and how our judiciary works? Not only is the Supreme Court empowered to interpret our constitution, on scores of occasions, they have struck down laws and state actions as being in violation of our constitution. Our US SUpreme Court has on numerous occassions, struck down laws and state actions as unconstitutionally violating the separation of church and state.

Originally posted by 99blacksvt:
As you are all so fond of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, you find me a seperation of church and state clause. It doesn't exist. I should know, I had to read the whole damn thing.




The very first amendment of the constitution states:
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"

"You can't understand a phrase such as "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion" by syllogistic reasoning. Words take their meaning from social as well as textual contexts, which is why "a page of history is worth a volume of logic." New York Trust Co. v. Eisner, 256 U.S. 345 (1923) (Holmes, J.)

The point you are missing is that our constitution says what the US Supreme Court says it says.

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Originally posted by 96RedSE5Sp:
Wow, is there anyone here is has less understanding of the separation of powers and how our judiciary works? Not only is the Supreme Court empowered to interpret our constitution, on scores of occasions, they have struck down laws and state actions as being in violation of our constitution. Our US SUpreme Court has on numerous occassions, struck down laws and state actions as unconstitutionally violating the separation of church and state.




Interpretation is different than rewriting and chipping away at an understood cornerstone of American philosophy and doctrine that has been a part of it since it's founding. There are a number of Christian principles that serve as a basis for the framework that the Constitution was formed under. Care to deny that?

Originally posted by 96RedSE5Sp:
The very first amendment of the constitution states:
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"

"You can't understand a phrase such as "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion" by syllogistic reasoning. Words take their meaning from social as well as textual contexts, which is why "a page of history is worth a volume of logic." New York Trust Co. v. Eisner, 256 U.S. 345 (1923) (Holmes, J.)...




Since when does the pledge (which is NOT mandated that every schoolchild recite) and/or phrase "In God We Trust" represent a LAW that respects or SPECIFICALLY endorses Christianity? Tell me the legal penalty in the US legal code for NOT respecting these so-called laws...

How does either of these prohibit the free excercise of ANY religion, or NO religion?

In any case, here's a dictionary definition to play with:

God
a. A being conceived as the perfect, omnipotent, omniscient originator and ruler of the universe, the principal object of faith and worship in monotheistic religions.
b. The force, effect, or a manifestation or aspect of this being.
c. A being of supernatural powers or attributes, believed in and worshiped by a people, especially a male deity thought to control some part of nature or reality.
d. An image of a supernatural being; an idol.
e. One that is worshiped, idealized, or followed: Money was their god.
f. A very handsome man.
g. A powerful ruler or despot.


Where in that definition or ANY use of it in the pledge or on currency would SPECIFICALLY tie itself solely and utterly to Christianity?

I find it difficult to justify a liberal interpretation of this, or relating the spirit of this Amendment to a phrase on currency or a pledge that isn't mandated by law to recite in schools.

I certainly don't see any state-mandated religion being established or forced on the public through a phrase or pledge which capture the spirit and foundation of the majority of this countries beliefs.


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'god' is a religous concept. Even if it is not exclusive to a single religion, it doesn't make it secular. To me it makes no difference whether it says god, Vishnu, Thor, Allah, Satan, Jesus or Jerry Garcia.

The only way the government can keep the 'under god' in the Pledge is to make it a purely individual expression. And in that case the occasion that the Pledge is recited can not be limited to just the Pledge. Anyone can use the occasion to perform other activities that will be just as patriotic.

btw,
History of the National Motto

Claiming that you have the 'facts' usually means you don't.


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Wow, that is all I can say.

First we have somebody who argues that the "law" of the Pledge (which doesn't exist) can be ruled UnConstitutional (even thought it is not in the Constitution) by the Judicial System. Now if we made a law stating that "every school child in America must say the Pledge recognizing God..." then you would have a legitimate argument. I feel that logical readers have determined for themselves that nonsensical arguing is in essence a admittance of ignorance. The Pledge (which is voluntary, the JW's have been sitting on it for years) is not a governmental sponsorship of religion you dope. It doesn't violate the first amendment, unlike the prohibition of student-led prayer at extracurricular events. Ahh, we have much learning to do outside of what we are told. How do I know? Easy, you quoted a "scholar" about what he thought the first amendment meant void of any historical evidence to support his claims.

Next, I am given a link to a website that is clearly biased in its representation of the facts of our national motto. Again, history will prove me right. Lets read the words together, "Then conquer we must, for our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: "In God is our trust." Francis Scott Key, fourth stanza, The star spangled banner, OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM. Funny, it doesn't seem logical that our NATIONAL MOTTO would originate in OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM. Lets see people, 2+2=4...you see where I am going, put it together. It was the mindset of nearly all Americans during those times and was echoed nearly daily by clergy, laymen, and (gasp) politicians (please read the opening prayer again if you doubt that these men trusted in God), and reached it height during the Civil War when the treasury department first minted it onto coins. Yes, the motto wasn't included on all monies until Eisenhower after the second world war and korea. You can find all this info at the treasury departments website.

In fact the addition of the motto on money has been challenged seriously once in our Nation, here is a snippit; One of the first legal actions to challenge religious sloganeering of this type was made in 1978 by American Atheists founder Madalyn Murray O'Hair. In the case of MADALYN MURRAY O'HAIR et al. v. W. MICHAEL BLUMENTHAL, SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, et al. (462 F. Supp. 19 -- W.D. Tex 1978), the court opined: "Its use is of a patriotic or ceremonial character and bears no true resemblance to a governmental sponsorship of religious exercise." The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reached a similar conclusion in the 1970 case ARONOW v. UNITED STATES. Subsequent cases also fell short, even though they argued that the motto clearly encouraged religion and made a statement about god and theology. On September 14, 1988, then-President of American Atheists Jon Murray addressed the Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs and Coinage concerning proposals to redesign the nation's currency. At that time, Murray expressed concern about including "In God We Trust" on the national currency, suggesting instead a return to the secular "E Pluribus Unum" ("One from many") that was used earlier in the nation's history.

Yes, not only did the high court totally blast the lawsuit, the NINTH CIRCUIT COURT did as well. That is ironic, as that was the same court that 32 years later ruled wrongly on the Pledge, and has had 12 of 16 cases they ruled on overturned by the SC in the last couple of years, it is good to see that they once got things right.

I am amazed by the absolute ignorance about American History and the causes of laws and policies. I am also amazed that people can take only one thing somebody says,and try to disprove it in one small scope. The broad picture is never realized. While I have been provided mostly opinion either by scholars or writer, I have stated mostly fact.

Good day.

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I'm sorry to carry this on longer, but I still have a question;

Do you think atheists and others that do not believe in this 'god', they should also have the freedom to express their Patriotism in a way they choose to whenever the Pledge is recited?

Because if the only option to saying the Pledge is to be silent, then there is no such thing as freedom of speech for them.

And speaking of money, it's still legal for me to cross out 'God' on the bill, so I'm not too worried about it..


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Originally posted by JaTo:

Interpretation is different than rewriting and chipping away at an understood cornerstone of American philosophy and doctrine that has been a part of it since it's founding. There are a number of Christian principles that serve as a basis for the framework that the Constitution was formed under. Care to deny that?




Our constitution was written by and with the input of a large number of very religious and very pious individuals. These people grew up in an America that was largely settled by Christians for the purpose of Christian worship. (The Puritans came to New England, the Quakers to PA, etc.) These people knew that they were putting together possibly the most important document in the history of our nation and in all likelihood in the history of the modern world.
With this in mind please peruse a copy of your constitution and see how many references our very pious and religious founding fathers made to "God", "Jesus", or to "Christianity".

Was this just an oversight? Did they merely forget to add the references to God and Jesus?

The only reference to "religion" in the entire constitution is in the first amendment which obviously does not constitute an endorsement of Christianity or any other religion. Quite the opposite. (Utilizing Christian values, principles or even the protestant work ethic is different from endorsing the religion itself).

Originally posted by JaTo:

Since when does the pledge (which is NOT mandated that every schoolchild recite) and/or phrase "In God We Trust" represent a LAW that respects or SPECIFICALLY endorses Christianity?




The phrase "Under God" was added to the Pledge of Allegiance by Federal statute in 1954. California law requires that schools conduct a patriotic exercise at the beginning of each school day and specifically states that The Pledge of Allegiance shall be acceptable. Public school systems and their teachers are regulated and funded by the various states in which they are located. That is why the actions of a public school teacher in leading the Pledge of Allegiance is considered to be a state action.

I don't think the problem with the phrase "Under God" is that it endorses Christianity - the problem is that it endorses religion - specifically a monotheistic religion. This leaves out people with many beliefs including atheists, many agnostics, followers of many native American religions, animists, followers of the ancient Greek, Roman, Celtic, Druidic or Viking religions etc and anyone who has not yet decided upon a religion.

Of course there is no legal penalty for not reciting the pledge, except that it is not fair to require kids as young as 4 years old to, on a daily basis, in front of their peers and role models, to publicly express their disbeleif in what almost everyone else in the classroom accepts as the ultimate truth.

Perhaps you have forgotten what it was like to be 4 years old or perhaps you were not an average 4 years old. The desire to conform in that age group is extremely extremely powerful. Kids that age don't like to be different and don't like to be singled out as being different. I can remember when I was in kindergarten, how kids would be taunted mercilessly if they didn't wear the right clothes, have the right haircut or even the right lunch box.

Please read the opinion of the Ninth Circuit and tell me exactly where you think they went wrong. I think their decision was courageous but that it was also a no-brainer.

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Originally posted by Ausgedient the Ninja:
Originally posted by Andy W.:
And Allah/God forbid we instill some patriotism and allegiance in our children!



If you have "promote" or "instill" patriotism and allegiance, there exists a problem.




If a child is brought up by parents who hate the US more than likely they will too. Things such as security and loyalty are instilled at a young age. Promoting pride in ones country, when parenting is on the decline, is needed in my opinion.

If I remember correctly God refers to the christian father. while god refers to any being described above!

-Andy

Last edited by Andy W.; 04/02/03 07:45 PM.

Andy W. The problem with America is stupidity. I'm not saying there should be a capital punishment for stupidity, but why don't we just take the safety labels off of everything and let the problem solve itself?
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Originally posted by Andy W.:
If a child is brought up by parents who hate the US more than likely they will too. Things such as security and loyalty are instilled at a young age. Promoting pride in ones country, when parenting is on the decline, is needed in my opinion.



So be it. It is their child, not the country's. There will never be a replacement for parenting, no matter how much it declines. The state serves a purpose, providing morality is not it.


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