I think you guys are getting the meaning of turbulence mixed up. YOu are probably thinking of turbulence meaning that the air spins down the tube like a bullet does down a rifle. The turbulence that i'm talking about isn't nice and swirly like that, it just refers to the air going in not set direction, and interfering with other air, causing less flow. By the way, I finished the heat shield. SHould have pics soon.