Normally, the PATS light will turn on for 3 seconds when a key is inserted and the ignition switch is turned to position 2 or 3. Then the light turns off, and the engine is allowed to run. When it is cold outside, the PATS light turns on and remains on with the key in. The car will crank but not start.
I did find a TSB for many Ford vehicles, including the Contour, that describes a "crank but no start" condition caused by the wiper stalk wiring routed too close to the key transponder in the steering column. It interferes with the PATS key reader. However, this only happens when the car is started with the wipers in the ON position.
I am going to try and pull codes next time it happens, the PCM has a set of fault codes for the PATS system.